The arthrosis of the knee joint is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system.According to statistics, every sixth person in old age is diagnosed with a common deformation.The violation of the integrity of the cartilage is the cause of changes in the mutual position of the bones.Compliance with preventive measures prevent the development of post -traumatic syndrome and is restored to the operation of the musculoskeletal system.
What is the essence of the disease?
The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is destruction, dystrophic damage to the connective tissue of the cartilage cells of the femoral joint.It is more likely that you will get women, especially the overwhelming 40-year border.The disease can be one that is an arthrosis of the right knee joint or left or bilateral, influences one or both legs at the same time.
Without proper treatment, progress, influences the muscles, fibrous compounds (ligaments) and bones.For this reason, you can completely lose the opportunity to move: With the final destruction of the cartilage, the bone is exposed.
The concepts of gonarthrosis, arthrosis and the deformation of osteoarthritis are identical and are characterized by identical morphological, biological characteristics.Such a disease is typical of people of advanced age, but cases have become more common when the symptoms of deviations are diagnosed in children.
The reasons for the appearance of the problem
The arthrosis risk increases with age.The main causes for the modification of the knee joint are a violation of the metabolism in solid connective tissue and daily exorbitant loads.
The following factors influence the development of the disease:
- Biological aging processes.After 40, structural and functional changes occur on cell dystrophy.Cartilage tissue loses his possibility to regenerate.
- Problems with overweight.The deposition of adipose tissue in the organs creates an additional burden on the entire organism and the skeletal muskula system.People with a high body weight often suffer from arthrosis of the knee joint.
- Violation of blood circulation in the limbs.This leads to a slowdown with the metabolism, the artificial exhaustion of cells.
- Passive lifestyle.Physical activity should be affordable, but regularly.
- Diabetes.The pathology of the endocrine system is associated with inadequate production of insulin, which is involved in the metabolism.In the fight against energy creation, the body becomes vulnerable, the vessels are clogged and a decrease in the elasticity of the cartilage occurs.
- Pregnancy.This can result in a change in the hormonal background, a number of additional weight, which can lead to problems with the knee joints.
- Dysplasia.The pathology contributes to early deletion of the cartilage, which threatens the common deformation.
- Injuries, especially in children: transfers, stretching, bruises.
The risk group is led by women with an excess body weight.
The degree of development of the arthrosis of the knee joint
The destruction process begins with cartilage and affects the entire knee joint.Depending on the degree of defeat, there are three phases of the pathology:
- First.It is characterized by mild symptoms.One person complains about minor episodic pain in the knee and reduced activity after a long inactivity (sleep).
- The second.The pain provokes all actions.It is enough to rest, and pain syndrome leads to discomfort by resuming physical activity.The main signs of pathology in this phase: crunch in the knee, accumulation of synovial fluid.The narrowing of the gap between the bones of the gap can only be seen in the radiological picture.Pathological changes are clearly visible in the photo.
- The third.Global changes in the cartilage occur.One person cannot bend the leg in the knee, regular severe pain causes the whole day and the night and the bone contour.
The appearance of the first mild symptoms requires the examination and consultation of the rheumatologist.
Most of the time, the patient looks for medical help in the last phase where they cannot do without surgical intervention.
Important!It is possible to diagnose deviations only with an X rays.
Types of pathology
Due to the nature of the occurrence of deformation, there are two forms of pathology:
- Primarily - an inherited defect in the left or right knee joint: develops in children from adolescence due to the improper formation of the band apparatus.
- Secondary - Post -traumatic osteoarthritis of the knee joint, which is provoked by bruising, stretch strips, injuries to bone parts.
The disease can also affect the joints of one or both legs.
Methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint in children or adults occurs in two stages: the first is the relief of pain, the second is the effect on the factors of the disease.The shapes and the severity of gonarthrosis play a fundamental role in the selection of a treatment method.
Types of therapy according to exposure are as follows:
- Medicines;
- Manual physiotherapy;
- Surgical intervention;
- Folk methodology.
Early restoration of the patient is possible with an integrated approach.
Drug therapy for the arthrosis of the knee joint
Traditional treatment requires osteoarthritis of the knee joint in the last two stages.To reduce the pain threshold, you can restore the integrity and elasticity of connective tissue to support the following medication:
- A group of non -steroidal means.In the event of severe pain, the drug is administered intramuscularly, you can take it orally or use gels and ointments.
- Chondroprotectors.Add to the normalization of metabolic processes, prevent further deformation of the knee and restore the cartilage.
- Corticosteroid hormones.The swelling quickly relieves, reddening, but causes side effects, so in rare cases are prescribed in rare courses.
Complex therapy enables you to achieve the remission of the disease and reduce the risk of the manifestation of secondary femur-poddle arthrosis.
Physiotherapy of the arthrosis of the knee joint
Treatment technology through exposure to hands, auxiliary devices and mechanisms has a blocking effect on the destruction of the cartilage joints of the knee in children and adults and leads to the restoration of the musculoskeletal system.
The methodology for removing anatomical pathology includes the following types of manipulations:
- Massage.Such a mechanical influence helps to improve the drainage of lymphs, the normalization of the metabolism, the blood flow to the blood circulation.
- Therapeutic physical education is an effective method to restore the motor skills of children and adults in the Femoral Poddle joint.The classes aim to develop mobility and strengthen the band apparatus.You can carry out gymnastics at home if the attacks are stopped.
- Reflex zone massage.Effects on the central nervous system by receptors.Acupuncture increases the muscle tone, saturates tissue with oxygen, activates immunogenic reactivity.
One of the most effective methods is physiotherapy or recovery based on natural factors: electrophoresis, mudrap, ultrasonic therapy and ozokeritopication will help to locate the focus of the inflammation.
Electrophoresis
With their help, a high concentration of drugs in the affected area is achieved, the liver and the stomach intestine tract do not get any negative effects.A specially created electric field delivers medication directly into the affected area.
dirt
Minerals substances that are so rich in dirt exposes the further destruction of the cartilage and restore it later.The blood flow rises when there is dirt, the muscles relax, metabolic processes are stimulated.
Ultrasonic therapy
Ultrasound relieves muscle cramps and relieves pain by activating the metabolism, changes in the acid-base equilibrium and improving tissue breathing.
Ozokeritopia
Ozokerit is clear due to a large number of micro elements in the composition.The positive properties of this substance include the ability to restore soft tissue.It is almost immediately with unpleasant and painful sensations.
Advice!The gymnastics selected by the applicable doctor should be carried out with a low motion amplitude.
Swimming courses contribute to quick rehabilitation.The muscle muscles are strengthened during the procedure.
Surgical treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The distance of the femoral joint in children and adults in the last stage leads to a complete deformation of solid connective tissue, bones.The doctor is forced to use surgical intervention: endoprosthetics or arthrodesis.
In the first case, the affected joint is partially or completely replaced by a polymer or metal prosthesis.In the second case, a complete immobilization of the joint is carried out to eliminate pain syndrome.
Nuance!There are no age restrictions on operational manipulations, but as practice shows, they are mainly used after 50 years.
Depending on the physiological characteristics of a person, the recovery phase takes about 3 months.
Folk methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
A non -traditional therapy has a general refreshment on the entire organism.Independent treatment is permitted in the first phase of the pathology of the Femur-Poddle joint in children and adults.
Dandelion
The system is used as component for infusions, compresses and hoods.His flowers are rich:
- Calcium;
- Potassium;
- Phosphorus;
- Iron.
This contributes to the quick revival and strengthening of the bone structure.
To prepare the infusion, you need a container that is half filled with inflorescences, and the remaining room is added triple Cologne.Pass the composition for a month in a place protected from sunlight and then rubbed the finished liquid with massaging movements into the dermis of a painful knee.
burdock
Burdock leaves are a strong antiseptic, accelerate the healing process of wounds, circulatory restoration.The back of the leaf is applied to the damaged connection, firmly defined with a warm fabric tape or scarf.The procedure is carried out for a week overnight.
Celandine
The Celandin has an anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect.A grass compress is applied to the femoral -related joint 7 days in a row.After 60 minutes, the joint region is treated with vegetable oil.The course of treatment is 8 days a break 2 times a month.
Golden mustache
The tincture on the leaves of a golden mustache normalized normalized metabolic processes, relieves pain.15–20 leaves of the plant are watered with two glasses of boiling water that are infused in a warm place.The daily dose is 75 ml for three doses after eating.
The grass with an incorrect approach can have a negative impact.Before using healing systems, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with contraindications.It is even better to consult a doctor.
Prevention of the arthrosis of the knee joint
The arthrosis of the knee joint, like any disease, is easier to predict than the consequences.
Preventive measures:
- Daily diet.The right nutrition is 50% success.Fat food with a lot of cholesterol must be avoided.Only a diverse and useful menu is permitted: low -fat varieties with meat, fish, vegetables, fruit, muesli, dairy products, nuts, juice.
- It is necessary to limit the consumption of flour, sweet, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol.
- With a seated lifestyle (sitting work), a warm -up run every 2 hours.
- It is necessary to be in the fresh air more often, walk on foot, go swimming, to do sports.
- Wear orthopedic shoes with an elastic sole - this reduces the risk of osteoarthritis.
The most important thing is to carry out preventive exams with specialists twice a year.
As a reference!Advice, tightly tested specialists can correctly select the treatment: orthopedic surgeons, rheumatologist, arthrologist.
The forecast of the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The pathology provokes biochemical, mechanical changes in the joints of the articular cartilage, a decrease in its thickness, the formation of osteophytes (growth on the surface of the bone tissue) and subchondral cysts (cavities in organs).
The dystrophic damage to the cartilage of the Femur-Poddle joint does not have a lifelike, but causes major complaints.The sick person has a low motor activity, he suffers from severe pain.
Deforming arthrosis, including post -traumatic osteoarthritis of the knee joint, is progressive.It is difficult to predict the development of pathology - everything depends on the physiological characteristics of the body and lifestyle:
- Age;
- Forms and degrees of deformation;
- Accompanying diseases;
- Execution of the instructions of the doctor;
- Activity areas.
The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is treated, the main thing is to recognize such a change in the femoral joint in children or adults and to plan the therapy properly.
It is important to confirm the diagnosis of deformation of arthrosis in 1 and 2 stages of development if you can maintain the joint by restoring the performance.The doctor can draw a conclusion and determine the degree of joint damage based on ultrasound, MRI, arthroscopy and radioskopia.
You may need several images to predict the dynamics of the development of pathology with femoral knee.
When diagnosing a deformation arthrosis, a number of measures to restore the activity of the musculoskeletal system aims, since the disease cannot be cured even in children.